History Of Non-Aligned Movements: Political Struggle Against Western And Eastern Blocks Domination

JAKARTA - Life as a new country of independence and independence is not easy. They continue to be overshadowed by two major blocks of the world. The Western Block is led by the United States (US) and Britain. The Eastern Block is led by the Soviet Union.

This condition made all Asian-African countries united. They organized the Asia Africa Conference (KAA). The agenda for change is echoed. As a result, they agreed not to side with the big two blocks. The Non Block Movement -- a neutral country was born because of it.

Efforts to liberate a nation cannot be done carelessly. His struggle is not only carried out from within the country, but needs foreign support. This experience was shared by the figure of the Soekarno nation.

Bung Karno felt that Indonesia was independent, not only by taking up arms. Diplomacy-dislomacy abroad has also become a mainstay. The difficulty of finding a country that wants to recognize Indonesia as an independent country has been felt.

Everything needs an approach and hard work. That experience is a valuable lesson. Bung Karno did not want colonialism to continue to be present on earth. Bung Karno then brought Indonesia together with Asian and African countries to promote a big celebration to remove colonialism from the face of the earth.

The Asia-Africa (KAA) conference, his name. The conference was held in Bandung on April 18-24, 1955. The event was attended by 29 independent countries and will be independent from the Asian and African continents. This participation cannot be underestimated.

There is an important message presented in KAA. The message is unity against colonialism and imperialism. The countries present do realize that they are not a big country. However, when they unite, there is nothing that cannot be reached.

KAA also produced a joint agreement called Dasasila Bandung. Its contents reveal KAA participants' commitment to the future of the Asian-African state movement. One of the most important things is to uphold international justice and obligations.

"If the lion dance from China is in collaboration with Nandi's cattle from India, with Spinx from Egypt with a populer from Burma, with a white elephant from Siam, with a Himra snake from Vietnam, with tigers from the Philippines and with a bull from Indonesia, it will definitely destroy the colonialism of internationalism," Soekarno said as quoted by Roeslan Abdulgani in the book The Bandung Connection (1981).

The big role of KAA in fact brings an important meaning. International politics, which at that time divided the world into two groups of big Western Block countries and Eastern Blocks, made countries on the Asian-African continent move. Many countries feel that they do not participate in the two blocks. They are neutral.

This condition raises the same narrative as other countries in Eastern Europe. They are neutral and want to uphold justice. They oppose all international crimes, from colonialism to military aggression.

Concern arose. Five state leaders: Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, President of Ghana, Kwame Nkrumah, President of Indonesia, Soekarno, President of Egypt, Gamal Abdel Nasser, and President ofition, Josip Broz Tito, are initiating to form a neutral country movement.

This wish was achieved by presenting a meeting of neutral countries of the High Level Conference (KTT) I in Beogard,tipelon September 1, 1961. Non-Aligned Movement was born. The movement which was followed by 20 countries (now: 120 countries) is like a neutralizer from the western block and the eastern block. Many also think that the Non-Aligned Movement is the political stage of a third world country.

The presence of the Non Block Movement has helped many of its member countries to take part in the international stage. However, in its implementation there are no completely neutral countries. International politics requires them to choose closeness to one of the blocks: East or West.

For example, Indonesia. Indonesia initially leaned towards the Eastern Block of the Soviet Union in the Old Order era. However, in the New Order era, Indonesia chose to lean towards the Western Block. This condition continues. The extension of the Non-Aligned Movement is weakening as the Cold War ends and the terms Eastern Block and Western Blocks disappear.

Believes the solidity of the country's economy, perhaps because it underestimates the artificial characteristics of economic growth which are indeed impressive even though most of them are achieved thanks to international assistance, Suharto tries to take advantage of changes in the situation following the end of the Cold War.

"He brought Indonesia to seek a position on the international stage. The disappearance of the world blocks ended a time that was in accordance with the convergence of its interests that had occupied Indonesia in the West block camp, and opened the door for Indonesia's re-activeness in the body of the Non-Aligned Movement," said Remy Madinier in the book Revolution Never Completed (2022).