What Is Biomass And How It Processes

What Is Biomass

YOGYAKARTA - In times of energy crisis made of fossil materials such as coal and petroleum whose reserves are running low, Biomass is an alternative. Then, what is Biomass?

The reason is, Biomass itself is a raw material that can be renewable, which means it can be processed continuously.

Biomass is an ingredient that comes from living things, including plants, animals and microbes. Generating biomass as a source to meet various needs becomes very interesting because biomass is a renewable material.

Biomass types include trees, production plants and residues of plant fiber, animal waste, industrial waste and other waste in the form of organic materials. The utilization of biomass power that has been widely observed today, namely from biomass waste itself, is the remains of unused biomass, corn stalks, dried cane marks, rice stalks and so on.

In essence, Biomass is a power created for fuel obtained from natural sources that can be updated. Biomass power can be a fuel solution that so far cannot be renewed and pollutes the environment.

Biomass power-making materials are classified into two types, first from animals in the form of microorganisms and macroorganism, and the second comes from plants such as processed plants and direct harvests.

Biomass power arises due to the presence of a carbon cycle on earth. Where, almost all elements of life, ranging from plants, animals to humans have elements of carbon that essentially continue to rotate. That's why biomass itself can be used as fuel because it also contains carbon elements.

Biogas

Biogas is a biomass in the form of methane gas. This gas exists because of the anaerobic fermentation (without air) of methane or anaerobic microorganisms. Waste that has organis (biomassa) material will be decomposed by bacteria, giving rise to methane gas.

methane gas is really sensitive to fire like natural gas from within the earth. Therefore, methane gas can be used as a source of heat by burning it.

Biodiesel

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel that can be used for diesel engine fuel. The raw materials are grown-growth oil such as palm oil, coconut, fence distance, or kapuk. It can also be that biodiesel is produced using materials from animal fats and other fats.

Biodiesel is usually mixed with diesel oil. The ratio is 2 percent (B2), 5 percent (B5), or 20 percent (B20).

Ethanol

Ethanol is an alcohol fuel made of sugar. Sugar is taken from plants such as corn, wheat, and potatoes. The most routine method used to make ethanol is from using yeast in processing sugar fermentation through flour in corn. Not only corn, other plants that can be applied as raw materials for ethanol are wheat, rice, Matahari flowers, potatoes, sugar cane, and sugar bits. In a number of countries, bit sugar and sugar cane are often used as raw materials for ethanol.

Biomass can be converted into 3 main types of products:

The selection of a variety of biomass to convert into the above products is related to the chemical and physical properties it has (chemical/physical property). These properties are a unified property in biomass that ensures alternative conversion work and subsequent processing technologies.

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