JAKARTA - Indonesia Corruption Watch (ICW) said there are four modes that are the favorite and most frequently used by corruptors in corruption crimes in Indonesia in 2021.
"There are four modes of corruption cases that appear the most in 2021. First, budget abuse is the most common mode of corruption. The second is fictitious activities or projects. Third, the mode is embezzlement of money. Then the fourth is inflation. price (mark up)," said ICW Researcher, Lalola Easter during a presentation on the Launching of ICW's 2021 Corruption Enforcement Trends Report via YouTube Friends of ICW, as quoted from Antara, Monday, April 18.
These four modes are the most commonly found in corruption cases related to the procurement of goods/services and the management of the government budget.
"These two sectors have consistently been the points most prone to corruption or have been the sectors that have been dealt with the most by law enforcement officials related to taking action against corruption cases," he said.
Even so, Lalola said, ICW's findings did not fully represent the actual situation because of their limitations in monitoring.
He said the four modes found by ICW were based on monitoring various news reports and official websites belonging to law enforcement institutions, namely the Indonesian Attorney General's Office, the Indonesian Police, and the KPK which had representative information.
However, according to Lalola, not all institutions, especially the Prosecutor's Office and the Police at the regional level, present representative sources of information to the public.
Furthermore, Lalola also conveyed related to the latest mode of corruption that law enforcement institutions need to be aware of. For the first time, ICW discovered this mode in 2020, namely the stock manipulation mode.
"This is one of the modes that emerged because of two cases that attracted public attention. The two cases have the potential for substantial state losses and involve important institutions. In 2020, there was a corruption case of PT Asuransi Jiwasraya, then in 2021 there was a corruption case PT Asabri. In fact, in the Asabri case there is a potential state loss of up to Rp22.78 trillion," explained Lalola.
In the development of this mode, he said, the Transaction Reports and Analysis Center (PPATK) found suspicious transactions, namely transactions using cryptocurrencies.
"This is a point that has not been discussed much. However, when you see the rapid development of this cryptocurrency in the past few years, of course this should be a concern for law enforcement officials or financial and banking authorities. They must be aware that cryptocurrencies can become a new form of exchanging the proceeds of corruption crimes,” said Lalola.
To overcome the problem of the new mode, ICW encourages law enforcement officers to increase their capacity in following changes in the mode and form of transactions that have the potential to lead to crime, be it corruption, money laundering, or tax evasion.
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