History Of PAUD In Indonesia That Has Existed Since The Age Of Colonialism

History Of PAUD In Indonesia (Arian National Library Image - Unsplash)

YOGYAKARTA - Talking about the history of PAUD in Indonesia is the same as discussing the long history of dynamics and ups and downs of education in Indonesia. Curious? Check out the discussion here!

The birth of PAUD in our country has actually started before independence. At this time at least two periods can be traced, namely during the national movement during the Dutch colonial period (1908-1941) and the Japanese colonial period (1942-1945). But the existence of PAUD in our country cannot be separated from the development of PAUD in the world.

In 1840 Friedrich Wilhelm August Frobel founded Kindergarten in Germany's city of BLAnkerburg, which is the pioneer of early childhood education in the world. Kinder means child and garten mean garden.

For Frobel, early childhood is likened to a kind of plant-growth shoot, still requires the full maintenance and attention of the planting champion.

The establishment of Kindergarten, which is also known as the Frobel School, has an effect on PAUD growth around the world. The concept of Kindergarten is to spread immediately throughout the world. Other types of PAUD also emerged. In 1907 in the San Lorenzo slums, Italy, Maria Montessori, a person with a doctor background, founded Casa dei Bambini which was intended for the care of children from poor families and laborers. Casa dei Bambini means a house for child care which is later known as a child home.

In Indonesia, the Dutch East Indies government brought this concept and established a Frobel School for its children.

Along with the national revival that began with the establishment of the movement of Budi Utomo youth, the understanding of the importance of education for his son's earth is increasingly being felt. The Frobel School, which was originally only intended for children of Dutch, European, and Noble descent, was discovered by young indigenous scholars.

In 1919 the Aisyiyah Women's Association established the first Bustanul Athfal in Yogyakarta. Curriculum and its education module instilled nationalism behavior and religious teachings. Bustanul Athfal was intended to respond to the popularity of the European-oriented PAUD institution. In 1922, Ki Hajar Dewantoro, after being exiled from the Netherlands for 2 years (19131915), founded Taman Lare or Kindertuin which eventually developed into Taman Indria.

During the Japanese colonial period, educational institutions such as PAUD continued but continued to decline. The Japanese government does not officially supervise the implementation of education at the PAUD level, but fulfills its class activities with Japanese singing.

The next period is the period after independence. This period is at least divided into 6 terms, namely the period 1945-1965; 1965-1998; 1998-2003; 2003-2009; and the period 2010-present.

Since 2010 until now, it has been marked by the policy of merging formal PAUD guidance and non-formal PAUD under the Directorate General of Early Childhood Education, Non-formal and Informal (PAUDNI) through Presidential Regulation Number 24 of 2010 concerning Role, Duties, Functions and Work Procedures of the Ministry of State of the Republic of Indonesia as amended by Presidential Regulation Number 67 of 2010.

In the course of the history of PAUD development in Indonesia, there was finally a crystallization of the form of a PAUD unit with various characteristics including kindergarten (including Bustanul Athfal/TK-BA Kindergarten), RA, KB, TPA, Similar PAUD Units, and family-based PAUD and/or the environment.

In addition, read also: The Importance of the Quality of Interaction Between Teachers and PAUD Students.

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