Cold Weather Can Increase The Risk Of Heart Attack, Really?

Illustration of a heart attack (Freepic)

JAKARTA - Exposure to cold weather can increase the risk of heart attack. This happens because blood vessels react to low temperatures by narrowing. This causes blood pressure to rise, blood flow to decrease, and the heart to work harder.

A heart attack occurs when blood flow to the heart is stopped due to a blockage, usually from a blood clot. This condition is a medical emergency, as it can reduce the oxygen supply in the body and cause sudden death. If a person shows symptoms of a heart attack, it is very important to seek medical help immediately.

How does cold weather affect heart health?

A large Swedish study in 2017 showed that heart attacks are more common in cold weather. During cold weather, the heart has to work harder to keep the body warm.

The impact of cold weather leads to increased heart rate, higher blood pressure, higher oxygen demand, and thicker blood which can lead to blood clots.

People with cardiovascular disease are more susceptible to the adverse effects of cold weather, including increased blood pressure and arterial stiffness. In addition, respiratory infections that are more common in winter can also trigger a heart attack.

Heart attack symptoms

It's important to recognise the signs of a heart attack, as the sooner you get help, the better your chances of recovery. Common symptoms include:

- Pain or pressure in the chest

- Shortness of breath

- Pain that radiates to the arms, neck, jaw or back

- Nausea, vomiting or dizziness

Risk factors

The risk of heart attack increases with exposure to cold weather. However, there are several other risk factors that increase heart attacks, namely:

- High blood pressure

- High cholesterol

- Smoking

- Advanced age

- Genetics

- Diabetes

- Obesity

- Lack of physical activity

- Excessive alcohol consumption

- Diet high in saturated fat and cholesterol

Studies show that smoking and alcohol consumption during cold weather can worsen blood vessel conditions, increase blood pressure, and trigger heart attacks.

How to prevent heart attack in cold weather

To reduce the risk of heart attack during cold weather, steps that can be taken are:

- Dress Warmly

Wear layered clothing and a warm hat to maintain body temperature. Avoid damp or windy areas.

- Limit Alcohol Consumption

Alcohol can provide a false sense of warmth and increase the risk of hypothermia.

- Rest Periodically

Do not force physical activity outdoors. Go indoors to warm up the body regularly.

- Consume Nutritious and Warm Food and Drinks

Eating nutritious food and warm drinks can help maintain body temperature.

- Stay Active Indoors

Do light exercise indoors to improve heart health without the risk of exposure to cold weather.