BPS Records December 2025 Inflation of 0.64 percent, Food and Cigarettes as Main Drivers

Illustration. (Photo: Dok. Antara)

JAKARTA - The Central Statistics Agency (BPS) reported that in December 2025 there was a monthly inflation of 0.64 percent.

This increase is reflected in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) which increased from 109.22 in November 2025 to 109.92 in December 2025.

BPS Distribution and Services Statistics Deputy, Pudji Ismartini, explained that cumulative inflation throughout the year or year to date (ytd) was recorded at 2.92 percent. This figure is the same as the annual inflation (year on year/yoy) because the comparison is made between the CPI for December 2025 and December 2024.

He added that the food, beverage, and tobacco group, including cigarettes, was the main factor driving inflation.

"The expenditure group contributed the largest monthly inflation, namely the food, beverage and tobacco group with an inflation of 1.66 percent and contributed 0.48 percent of inflation," he said in a press conference, Monday, January 5.

A number of commodities in this group that most dominate inflation include cayenne pepper with a contribution of 0.17 percent, broiler chicken meat 0.09 percent, red onions 0.07 percent, fresh fish 0.04 percent, and broiler eggs 0.03 percent.

In addition, inflation is also influenced by the increase in the price of gold jewelry with a contribution of 0.07 percent, gasoline 0.03 percent, and air transportation tariffs of 0.02 percent.

"In addition, there are also commodities that still contribute to deflation in December 2025, namely red chili with a deflation contribution of 0.03 percent," he said.

Pudji said that all components experienced inflation, where the inflation in December 2025 was 0.64 percent, mainly triggered by the volatile price component which experienced inflation of 2.74 percent and contributed the largest share, namely 0.45 percent.

"The dominant commodities that contribute to the volatile price component of inflation are cayenne pepper, broiler chicken, red onions and broiler chicken eggs," said Pudji.

Meanwhile, the core component recorded inflation of 0.20 percent with a contribution of 0.12 percent and commodities that played a dominant role in this component were gold jewelry and cooking oil.

"The government-regulated price component experienced an inflation of 0.37 percent. This component contributed 0.07 percent of inflation and the dominant commodities that contributed to the inflation in the government-regulated price component were gasoline, air transportation tariffs and intercity transportation tariffs," he said.

Meanwhile, at the regional level, Aceh, North Sumatra, and West Sumatra recorded inflation in December 2025 after previously experiencing deflation in November 2025 and the three provinces were included in the group with the highest inflation rate.

Pudji said the cause of inflation in the three regions was due to the increase in commodity prices caused by the effects of hydrometeorological disasters at the end of November 2025 and in general, the food, beverage and tobacco group commodities contributed the most to inflation in the three regions.

"Like in Aceh, which is mainly driven by rising rice prices, then North Sumatra is driven by rising chili prices, as well as inflation in West Sumatra which is mainly driven by onions," he said.

The cumulative inflation until December 2025 of 2.92 percent was recorded higher than the year-to-date inflation in the period December 2021 to 2024, except in 2022.

Overall, from January to December 2025, commodities from volatile price components and core components more often appear as the main contributors to monthly inflation.

"Jewelry gold provides the largest annual contribution to inflation in 2025. This commodity is the main commodity contributing to monthly inflation 11 times in 2025," he explained.