YOGYAKARTA - Because the baby's immune system has not yet been fully formed, such as adults or children who are more mature, one of the most important steps to maintain the health of babies since birth is to complete the schedule for the sequence of infant immunizations on time as recommended by the Indonesian Pediatrician Association (IDAI).
Immunization is an effort made to build small ones' immunity through the administration of vaccines so as to prevent transmission of dangerous infectious diseases.
The vaccine itself is made of certain bacteria or viruses that have been weakened or killed to provoke the formation of antibodies in the baby's body against certain diseases. This antibody then functions as a fort of defense in the body and is ready to protect the Little every time a bacteria or similar virus attacks.
In general, babies already have natural immunity that has been obtained since they were in the womb. However, this immunity gradually decreased so that it had to be strengthened through vaccine administration.
The immunization schedule is made sequentially and must be accepted according to schedule so that your little one can receive optimal protection when the body is in dire need, namely when his immune system decreases to a disease.
Because of the importance of the role of immunization in ensuring the welfare of your little one in the future, all countries that are members of the World Health Organization (WHO) implement their respective immunization programs.
As for Indonesia itself, the Indonesian Ministry of Health recommends that every child receive mandatory immunization and its additions from the age of 0 to 18 years.
As explained above, the immunization sequence must be appropriate so that the vaccine is able to provide optimal protection and immunity.
Therefore, IDAI together with the Indonesian Ministry of Health have designed a Mandatory Immunization Schedule according to the age of the Little. Meanwhile, since 2023, the Ministry of Health has added 4 types of vaccines to the national immunization program sequence.
The four types of vaccines include the Pneumokokus Konyugasi (PCV) vaccine to prevent pneumonia (pulmonary inflammatory), the Human Papiloma Virus (HPV) vaccine to prevent cervical cancer, the Rotavirus (RV) vaccine to prevent severe diarrhea, and the second dose of the Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (IPV) vaccine to strengthen protection from polio.
Below is the order of immunization for infants aged 0-24 months recommended by the Indonesian Pediatrician Association (IDAI):
Vaccines or immunizations for HB were given 4 times, namely:
The first dose: given immediately after the baby is born or less than 12 hours after birth. Before being vaccinated, the baby must be given an injection of vitamin K1 first.
Dose 2nd: age 2 months.
The 3rd dose is 3 months old.
4th dose: 4 months old.
Advanced dose (booster vaccine): 18 months old.
The BCG vaccine is a type of immunization to protect your little one's body from germs that cause tuberculosis (TBC).
TB is a dangerous infectious disease that attacks the lungs and sometimes other parts of the body, such as the brain, bones, joints, and kidneys.
According to IDAI 2024 recommendations, BCG immunization should be given immediately after the baby is born or as soon as possible before the age of 1 month.
The polio immunization is divided into two types of vaccines; orally it is dripped into the baby's mouth (Oral Poliovirus Vaccine or OPV) and through injections (Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine or IPV).
Babies will receive the OPV type polio vaccine when they are born, and at the age of 2, 3, 4, and 18 months. Furthermore, there is a monthly repetition at the age of 2, 3, and 4 months. For the polio injection vaccine (IPV) it will be given at the age of 2, 4, and 6-18 months.
The booster vaccine will be given to the baby when he is 18 months old.
Measles immunizations, gondok (mumps), and rubella (MR) are given to preventembike and rubella disease that is easily contagious.
According to the latest IDAI immunization schedule, MR vaccines may be given at the age of 9 months. Furthermore, when the baby is 18 months old and turns 6 years old, it will be given a re-immunization of the MMR (booster).
If until the age of 12 months the baby has not received the MR vaccine, the baby can give the MMR vaccine, with the second dose 6 months after the first dose and the third dose at the age of 5-7 years.
If your little one has received a wavy vaccine at the age of 9 months, giving the MMR vaccine should be done at the age of 15 months (at least 6 months apart). If he has not received the vaccine before the age of 12 months, then the MMR/MR vaccine can be given.
DPT immunization is given to prevent three diseases at once in one injection, namely diphtheria, pertussis (chean cough), and tetanus.
DTP vaccines are given 3 times in a row at the age of 2, 3, and 4 months.
SEE ALSO:
The first booster is given at the age of 18 months. The next booster is given at the age of 5-7 years or in the BIAS class 1 program.
That's a review of the sequence of baby immunizations. Hopefully useful. Visit VOI.id to get other interesting information.
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