Measuring Indonesia's Readiness To Be Resilience In The Field Of Artificial Intelligence

Photo Of Kary Ilham VOI

JAKARTA Who leads Artificial Intelligence (AI) by 2030, will lead the world by 2100. In Indonesian, the statement issued by The Brooking Institute of the US means Who will lead the field of AI or Artificial Intelligence by 2030, will lead the world in 2100.

Global investment in artificial intelligence has reached USD 60 billion in 2020. The projection shows that this figure will more than double in 2025. This statistic confirms the pace of digital technology development worldwide. This can be considered a normal thing considering that in mid-2021 ago, the 7th President of the Republic of Indonesia, Joko Widodo, had warned that competition in mastering artificial intelligence was the same as space war in the cold war era.

Artificial intelligence has become an inseparable part of human life. This is the main driver in the digital revolution we are experiencing. AI is an engine system capable of making predictions, providing recommendations, and making decisions based on data analysis. This brings major changes in various industries, especially in the field of technology.

Worldwide, the development of AI technology has had a significant impact. According to research from PriceWaterhouseCoopers (PwC), AI has the potential to increase global Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to reach 15.7 trillion USD by 2030. Countries such as China and the United States are expected to be at the forefront of utilizing the growth of this technology. They launched various major initiatives related to AI development.

The main expert at the Center for Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Security Research at the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Hammam Riza, assessed that this digital revolution signifies the importance of understanding AI's sovereignty in Indonesia. With the rapid development of this technology, Indonesia needs to be prepared to face challenges so that it does not lag behind global competition in the field of technology as well as benefit from the ongoing transformation.

Moreover, Indonesia, with 212 million internet users and 167 million social media users, is on the verge of a significant technological revolution. AI sovereignty is a crucial issue in the midst of this growth. Indonesia is faced with the challenge of developing and regulating AI to match the national cultural values, while maintaining the great potential for innovation.

Unfortunately, Indonesia does not yet have regulations on AI which are supported by a national strategy with a clear code of ethics. In fact, this is necessary so that this AI technology can appear as a positive solution, such as for controlling climate change, as well as minimizing the impact of a negative extreme, such as the emergence of a "robot destroyer".

"There needs to be collaboration between the government and stakeholders to create an ecosystem that supports inclusive technological innovation so that people don't just follow the flow, but are also able to innovate with AI," said Hammam, Sunday, February 2, 2025.

According to him, formulating strategic national policies that regulate the development and use of AI is very important. The policy must accommodate personal data protection and prevent negative impacts from technology. With adequate budget allocations, the government can support research, socialization, and AI adoption, as well as anticipate threats that may arise.

In addition, international cooperation is the key in dealing with the rapid development of global AI. Many countries have implemented artificial intelligence to solve various problems more efficiently. Collaboration with other countries is very important to develop innovations that are beneficial to the wider community. Wide awareness of the implications of AI requires commitment from all parties to create an environment that supports sustainable growth.

Regulations and Policies for Artificial Intelligence Sovereignty

In fact, the government has issued a National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence (Stranas KA) in 2020 to set a direction for the development of artificial intelligence in Indonesia. The main focus is on AI ethics, AI policies, and talent development. The main goal is to create innovations that match the values of Pancasila. It also emphasizes the importance of industrial research and innovation to support various sectors in Indonesia.

The four focal areas in this Stranas KA include ethics (ensuring that the development and application of AI adheres to moral principles and public norms), policies (generating regulations that guarantee the fair and responsible application of AI), infrastructure development (building adequate digital infrastructure to optimize AI potential, and data (managing and utilizing data effectively as important resources in AI innovation).

A study conducted by the Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT) on the National Strategy of Indonesian Artificial Intelligence 2020-2045 shows that the implementation of AI sovereignty in Indonesia faces various complex challenges. One of the main challenges is the difficulty in developing adequate digital infrastructure. The inequality of internet access in various regions exacerbates the digital gap that risks hampering the overall application of technology.

In addition, AI technology arrangements in Indonesia are also still limited. The United States and the European Union have developed regulations towards hard law for AI. Indonesia is still in the technological planning stage. There are no special regulations governing AI governance. Although several aspects related to AI have been regulated in the Personal Data Protection Act (UU PDP), this is not enough to create a strong foundation for the implementation of AI.

Hammam Riza revealed that currently Indonesia is in an era where AI regulations are the key to maintaining data and cyber security. Therefore, he agreed with the issuance of the Circular Letter of the Minister of Communication and Information Technology Number 9 of 2023 concerning Artificial Intelligence Ethics. This circular targets business actors, both government and private sectors who use AI, including in programming and electronic systems.

He explained that the technology policy implemented was based on Law Number 1 of 2024, which is a revision of Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions (UU ITE). This is also relevant to Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection (UU PDP). This is like proving the government's commitment to always using AI based on ethical AI, by prioritizing data protection and transparency.

The AI-related regulations in Indonesia must be in line with global developments. The European Union has passed the AI Law no. 1689 of 2024, while the United States is considering the AI Rights Act. This shows the importance of appropriate technology policies to reduce AI risks, such as misinformation and cyber threats. A mature regulation will provide better protection for the community and encourage the use of innovative and responsible AI, concluded Hammam.