Knowing What Communal Intellectual Property Is: Understanding, Types, And Examples

The Toraja Belang Buffalo is officially listed as a communal intellectual property in the form of genetic resources from Toraja. (IST)

YOGYAKARTA Recently, Toraja buffalo or Tedong Binga were listed as Communal Intellectual Property (KIK) by the Indonesian Ministry of Law. What is communal intellectual property?

Quoted from Antara, Head of the South Sulawesi Kemunkum Regional Office Andi Basmal said that recording the bongadong as KIK was a follow-up to the coordination carried out by the South Sulawesi Ministry of General Affairs Regional Office Team, with Tana Toraja Regency Government and North Toraja.

"We have entered KIK Tedong Bonga's listing data on the KIK application of the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DJKI), and on the same day, a Certificate of Listing KIK for Genetic Resources with Number: SDG73202500073," said Andi, Thursday, February 20, 2025.

The determination of bonga as a communal intellectual property is intended to protect the richness of traditional culture, maintain regional characteristics, and maintain the cultural heritage of the next generation.

In Government Regulation Number 56 of 2022 concerning Communal Intellectual Property, it is explained that KIK is an intellectual property whose ownership is communal and has economic value while still upholding the moral, social and cultural values of the nation.

Article 2 of PP No.56/2022 states that the protection, preservation, development and utilization of communal intellectual property must be in accordance with the values contained in Pancasila and the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.

Furthermore, the protection of communal intellectual property has many benefits for the community, including:

According to Government Regulation No.56/2022, communal intellectual property consists of:

What is meant by the expression of traditional culture is all forms of expression of copyright, either in the form of objects or objects, or a combination of both which shows the existence of a traditional society that is held communally and across generations

Traditional knowledge is the whole idea and idea in society, which contains local values as a result of real experiences in interacting with the environment, being constantly developed, and passed on to the next generation.

Genetic resources are defined as genetic material originating from plants, animals, or renic bodies containing units that function as carriers of ethnicity that have real and potential values.

Indication of origin is a characteristic of the origin of goods and/or services that are not directly related to protected natural factors as a sign that shows the origin of a goods and/or services that are correct and used in trade.

The last type of communal wealth is geographical potential. What is meant by geographical potential is an item and/or product affected by geographical environmental factors including natural factors, human factors, or a combination of these two factors providing a certain reputation for the goods and/or products produced, which have the potential to protect with geographical indications and have not been registered as a geographical indication.

The following are some examples of intellectual property in Indonesia:

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