JAKARTA - The Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) projects that the increase in air temperature in all major cities in Indonesia by the end of the 21st century could reach 3 degrees Celsius or more.
Head of BMKG Dwikorita Karnawati said that this could happen if Indonesia did not succeed in mitigating climate change.
"The BMKG analyzes and projects that air temperatures at the end of the 21st century can reach 3 degrees Celsius or more in all major cities in Indonesia, if they fail to mitigate climate change," Dwikorita said at the 2022 BMKG National Coordination Meeting in Jakarta, Monday, August 8.
Dwikorita revealed that climate change has reached a critical condition which will be a big challenge for Indonesia.
The impact of climate change is increasingly real and serious, the rate of temperature increase in the last 42 years has reached an average of 0.02 degrees Celsius to 0.443 degrees Celsius per decade in Indonesia.
"The highest of 0.4 degrees Celsius per decade occurred in East Kalimantan," he said, according to Antara.
Meanwhile, the increase in global surface air temperature has reached 1.1 degrees Celsius compared to pre-industrial times in 1850 to 1900.
Dwikorita revealed that the BMKG also noted the impact of climate change resulting in warmer sea surface temperatures in Indonesian waters up to 29 degrees Celsius during moderate La Nina and Tropical Storm Seroja in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT).
In addition, the glacier in Puncak Jayawijaya, based on the results of BMKG research, is currently only about 2 square kilometers or 1 percent of its initial area of about 200 square kilometers.
"BMKG also predicts that the glacier will become extinct, melting around 2025-2026," said Dwikorita.
He explained that the monitored global average sea level rise also reached 4.4 mm per year in the 2010-2015 period, which was higher than the period before 1900, which was 1.2 mm per year.
The return period of El Nino and La Nina climate anomalies is also getting shorter from 5-7 years in the 1950-1980 period, to only 2-3 years during the period after 1980 to the present.
"All of these phenomena result in an increasing frequency of extreme weather intensity and duration. That is why hydrometeorological disasters such as floods, landslides, flash floods, tropical storms, cyclones, and droughts are also increasing in frequency, intensity, duration, and occurrence," he said. .
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