Definition Of Ethnicity And Various Kinds In Indonesia

Illustration of the various kinds of ethnic groups in Indonesia (Unsplash/Z)

JAKARTA – Ethnic groups are groups of people as part of a large nation, according to the KBBI. Indonesia is a country that has various ethnic groups living in 34 provinces in Indonesia. The number of ethnic groups according to the 2010 Population Census reported by the Central Statistics Agency, Indonesia has 1,331 tribes with categories of ethnic names, sub-tribe names, and sub-names of sub-tribes.

Ethnic groups, according to Bauman (2004), are difficult to group so that identification is carried out based on ancestry, living habits, language, kinship relations, or even political elements. Therefore, based on this identification, there are 633 major ethnic groups in Indonesia.

There are also ethnic groups that are grouped based on mixed ethnic groups, such as the Peranakans which are a mixture of Chinese and Malay. Launching Kompas, ethnic groupings are also differentiated based on lineage, as follows:

The patrilineal lineage is also known as patrilineal. The maternal lineage is also known as matrilineal. The lineage of the father and mother or parental.

Through grouping based on lineage and ethnicity with the most population, the following is a list of ethnic groups in Indonesia:

Javanese Tribe Sundanese Batak Tribe Betawi Tribe Dayak Tribe Asmat Tribe Madurese Tribe Minang Tribe Baduy Tribe Bali Tribe Ambon Tribe Gayo Tribe Tengger Tribe Sasak Tribe Sumbawa Tribe Flores Tribe Toraja Tribe Osing Tribe Mandar Tribe

In addition to the tribes above, in Indonesia there is also a list of tribes that inhabit several islands and have unique customs, languages, and traditions as follows:

Sumatra:

Kubu Tribe, Sakai Tribe, Alas Tribe, Devayan Tribe, Holoban Tribe, Lekon Tribe, Pakpak Tribe, Singkil Tribe, Tamiang Tribe, Aneuk Jamee Tribe, Nias Tribe, Mentawai Tribe, Sea Tribe, Bangka Tribe, Anak In The Kayu Agung Tribe, Palembang Tribe

Illustration of the various ethnic groups in Indonesia (iStockphoto)

Borneo:

Banjar Tribe Kutai Tribe Berau Tribe Paser

Bali:

Balinese Loloan Tribe

West Nusa Tenggara:

Bima Tribe Sumbawa Tribe

East Nusa Tenggara:

Boti Tribe, Bunak Tribe, Manggarai Tribe, Sika Tribe, Sumba Tribe, Rote Tribe, Ngada Tribe, Ende Tribe

Illustration of the understanding of various ethnic groups in Indonesia (Unsplash/K. Der Haide)

Sulawesi:

Gorontalo Tribe Kaidipang Tribe Minahasa Tribe Mongondow Tribe Sangir Tribe Bungku Tribe Balesang Tribe Balantak Tribe Wakatobi Tribe

Maluku:

Fordata, Mamale Tribe, Nuaulu Tribe, Morotai Tribe, Halmahera Tribe, Wemale Tribe, Wai Apu Tribe, Ternate Tribe, Tidore Tribe, Seram Tribe, Sawai Tribe

Papua:

Aero tribe

Those are ethnic groups and various kinds in the groupings that exist in Indonesia. According to the book Demography of Indonesia's Ethnicity, the number of hundreds of ethnic groups in Indonesia is not commensurate. The Javanese are ethnic groups with the largest population of 40.05 percent of the total population of Indonesia. The second position is the Sundanese, with 15.50 percent. The next list of ethnic groups has a proportion of under 5 percent of the total population in Indonesia.