JAKARTA - For many people, the morning is incomplete without a cup of coffee. In addition to raising enthusiasm, coffee also often triggers the desire to defecate (BAB) in just a matter of minutes. Have you ever wondered why this happened?
As it turns out, there is a scientific explanation behind this phenomenon. Doctors, including gastroenterologists, revealed that coffee has a direct effect on the digestive system.
When you sleep, the digestive system also rests. When you wake up and drink the first coffee in the morning, the body will react quickly. Coffee triggers contraction of muscles in the digestive system, this movement is called perictaltic which helps move food and dirt towards the large intestine.
According to a review in the journal Nutrients in 2020, this effect can start in just four minutes after you drink coffee.
In addition to stimulating muscles, coffee also triggers the production of certain hormones, including gastrines, which are hormones that help move food in the digestive tract.
"Coffee can cause gut movement because it contains acid that increases the hormone gastrine," said Dr. Andrew Boxer, a gastroenterologist from New Jersey, quoted from the Eating Well page.
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"Gastrin stimulates automatic muscle contraction in the stomach which can trigger colon activity," he added.
It doesn't stop there, caffeine in coffee also increases other digestive hormones such as colecystokinin (CCK) and motilines. These hormones accelerate the movement of the intestines and the production of bile, which makes the digestive process and waste of dirt faster.
"Caffeine increases digestive hormones such as CCK, gastrins, and motilines that can increase gut movement and help muscle contraction," explains Dr. Boxer.
The morning is the time when the digestive system is most active. According to a study from the Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology in 2020, the body naturally switches from night rhythm to active conditions in the morning. So, drinking coffee at that time could produce a faster defecation effect than other times in a day.
Factors such as caffeine content and coffee brewing strength can also affect the urge to defecate. Hot coffee usually has standard caffeine levels, while cold coffee is often more concentrated and can have a stronger effect on the digestive system.
Although caffeine is a major factor, caffeineless coffee can still trigger defecation. A 2022 review in the journal Nutrients says caffeineless coffee still contains compounds that can stimulate gut movement.
"Caffeine stimulates the muscles in the digestive system, including the colon, which can increase the movement of feces through the intestines and result in more bowel movements." said Dr. Danielle Kelvas.
At first glance, coffee looks like a practical solution for constipation. But too dependent on coffee can have side effects, such as stomach cramps, diarrhea, to sleep disorders due to excessive caffeine consumption.
In addition, high caffeine consumption can affect blood pressure. Studies in the journal Nutrients in 2021 show that caffeine can increase systolic blood pressure. Even so, another study in 2023 at Current Problems in Cardiology said that some people might be tolerant of the effect.
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