Getting To Know 7 Types Of Intellectual Property And Its Protection

Illustration (Photo: Pixabay/PDPics)

YOGYAKARTA Intellectual property is a wealth sourced from human intellectual results with the economic value contained in it. Intellectual property is protected by a legal protection system called Intellectual Property Rights (HAKI). So, what are the types of intellectual property? Check out the full information below.

Adapted from the website of the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DJKI) of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights (Kemenkumham) RI, Monday, December 11, 2023, intellectual property is divided into seven types, including copyright, patent, brand, industrial design, geographical indications, trade secrets, and Integrated Circuit Spatial Design (DTLST).

The following is a complete explanation of the seven types of intellectual property:

1. copyright

Copyright is a type of intellectual property that has the widest scope of protected objects, because it includes science, arts and literature, which includes a compoter program as well.

Copyright is defined as the creator's exclusive right that arises automatically based on declarative principles.

copyright is divided into two, namely moral rights and economic rights. Moral rights are rights that are forever attached to the creator and cannot be transferred as long as he is alive.

Meanwhile, economic rights are the exclusive rights of songwriters or copyright holders to gain economic benefits for their creation.

According to Article 40 of the Copyright Law, creations that can be protected with copyright include:

2. Patent

According to Law Number 13 of 2016 concerning Patents, what is meant by patents is the intelligence wealth given by the state to investors for the results of their interventions in the field of technology that has a strategic role in supporting national development and advancing public welfare.

Invention itself is defined as an idea that is poured into a specific problem solving activity in technology bidag, it can be in the form of products or processes or improvements and complaints of the process.

An example of a patent is the discovery of Baharudin Jusuf (BJ) Habibie who is called aeronautics.

3. Brand

In Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Marks and Geographical Indications, the brand is defined as a graphically displayable signature in the form of images, logos, names, words, letters, numbers, color arrangement, in 2-dimensional and/or 3-dimensional ventures, sounds, holograms, or combinations of 2 or more of these elements to distinguish goods and/or services produced by people or bodies.

Rights over brands serve as:

4. Industrial design

Industrial design is a type of intellectual property in the form of two or three-dimensional creations that give an aesthetic impression and can realize a two or three-dimensional pattern and can be used to produce products, goods, industrial commodities or handicrafts.

The industrial designs that can be registered are:

5. Geographical indications

Geographical indications are a sign that shows the origin area of an item or reservoir which due to geographical factors provides a reputation, quality, and certain characteristics for the resulting goods or products.

The right to geographical indications can be submitted by:

6. Trade secrets

The next type of intellectual property is trade secret. This is information that is unknown to the public in the field of technology and/or business, has economic value because it is useful in business activities, and is kept confidential by trade secret owners.

The protection of trade secrets includes:

7. DTLST

What is meant by the Integrated Circuit Layout Design (DTLST) is a finished or semi-finished product in which there are various elements and at least one of these elements is an active element, which is partly or completely related and integrated in a semiconductor material to produce electronic functions.

DTLST can be registered if the original or independent work of the designer. And when the DTLST is made it is not something common for the designers.

Registered DTLST can get legal protection for a period of 10 years since DTLST was first commercially exploited or since the date of receiving registration applications.

This is information about the type of intellectual property. Hopefully this article can add insight to the loyal readers of VOI.ID.