JAKARTA - Wednesday, March 31, the Indonesian National Police Headquarters (Mabes Polri) was burglarized by a woman armed with a fire. Four days earlier, a husband and wife married suicide bombers, attacking the Makassar Cathedral Church. Although not new, the involvement of women in acts of terrorism has again been highlighted. There is misogynistic value here.
ZA, a 25-year-old woman, entered the Police Headquarters complex through the back door. On foot, he docked at the post at the main gate. ZA had asked about the whereabouts of the post office. He argued that he wanted to deliver letters. ZA left the post. For a moment, before returning again and attacking the police at the post. In response, the police shot ZA dead.
"By firing six times. Twice to members of the (police) inside the post, twice outside, and again to shoot those behind him," National Police Chief General Listyo Sigit Prabowo told reporters, Wednesday, March 31.
Listyo Sigit also described ZA as a 'lone wolf'. ZA has the ideology of Islamic State Iraq Syria (ISIS). The conclusion was based on the findings of an Instagram account that was said to belong to ZA. The account contained an uploaded image of the ISIS flag with inscriptions about jihad. Interestingly, the account was known to have been created a few hours before the incident.
"In it (Instagram) there is an ISIS flag and there is an article related to how the jihad is fought," said Listyo Sigit. The police then raided the house of ZA, who was identified as a resident of Ciracas, East Jakarta. At the house the police found a will. ZA is also known to have said goodbye to the family WhatsApp group.
Misogynist in terrorism
ZA is not the first. And the involvement of women in acts of terrorism is not new. Look at the closest one, the suicide bombing at the Makassar Cathedral Church. Terrorism observer Al Chaidar sees the last two actions as having a clear thread: the Jamaah Ansharut Daulah (JAD) group's revenge against the police. And JAD deliberately sent women.
Al Chaidar calls what we see from terror movements on the ground involving women as derivative from the misogynist perspective in their circles. Chaidar said that men in the terrorist movement view women as bullet bait.
"This is actually a derivative of the misogynist movement. Or it can be said that (women) are people who are sacrificed because of the way men think that they (women) are not involved in jihad so far," Al Chaidar told VOI. , Thursday, April 1st.
"So they only take the principle of benefiting from the emergence of great enthusiasm and sentiment from women to participate or be involved in the jihad movement."
Psychologist, Mira Noor Milla, in an interview quoted by Republika, explained the characteristics of female terrorists who turned out to be more militant. This is used by the terrorism movement, especially ISIS - which is the root of JAD - to increase the ratio of the success of their actions.
"In accordance with the so-called strategy development master plan of the ISIS supporter group, it does use women as weapons because their success rate is higher," he said.
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Mira also said that female terrorists tend to be more obedient and loyal. When their thoughts are successfully formed, these female terrorists will be more persistent, closed off, and difficult to sway. The more dominant emotional side of women causes this. "If he believes in something, it cannot be deflected, and his emotions are involved in it," said Mira.
Mira also shared her discussion with Dian Yulia Novi, the perpetrator of the pan bomb explosion in front of the State Palace in August 2017. “I asked, 'How do you see your husband who is hanging, want his pregnant wife to blow himself up. What kind of husband is that? ”He said.
Mira said, at that time Dian replied that she would still go out even if her husband didn't take her. This shows the determination and loyalty of female terrorists in the actions they believe to be jihad.
The hallmark of JADAnd this is a hallmark of JAD. Terrorism observer Al Chaidar describes this as the color of the ISIS group movement. Yes, JAD is a terrorist cell with its roots in the ISIS movement. Based on its history, JAD was formed at the initiative of Aman Abdurrahman in Nusakambangan in mid-2014.
At that time, Aman called his close friends, Marwan alias Abu Musa and Zainal Anshori. There, Aman conveyed his intention to form the Islamic Khilafah. The goal is to facilitate Indonesians who want to go to war in Syria and support ISIS. Primarily, those who have pledged allegiance to the leader of ISIS, Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi.
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"Since being founded by Al Baghdadi in 2014 in Syria and Iraq, the understanding of ISIS has spread to many parts of the country, including Indonesia. The National Counterterrorism Agency stated that initially this understanding was entered through the internet network in the form of news, articles, and even videos. One of the people who are most passionate about spreading the notion of ISIS in Indonesia is Aman Abdurrahman alias Oman Rochman. In early January 2014, Aman took allegiance to ISIS and ordered the sending of his followers there, "wrote Nuria Reny Hariyati and Hespi Septiana in the book Radicalism in the Perspective of Critical Discourse Analysis (2019).
[MEMORY: Historical Roots of Jamaah Ansharut Daulah: Aman Abdurrahman's Intention to Establish the Khilafah]
Al Chaidar explained an ideology that the ISIS movement had distorted, namely the Wahabi takfiri ideology. This ideology is a development of the existing Wahabi ideology, which they develop through violent organic scholars.
"Violence organic scholars, who then make their own decisions that are contrary to the Shari'a. And the reason for them is that it is liberalization. Opportunity for everyone to get martyred or go straight to heaven. We know martyrdom is the greatest reward of all worship. in Islam, "said Al Chaidar.
And this massive involvement of women, valid, only happened in the era of ISIS. In the previous era, during the Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) era, for example, the involvement of women in the terrorism movement was not used. "JI is really against it. It doesn't want to use women and children in jihad," Al Chaidar.
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The article The Conversation, which cites various research results and studies, explains that actually involving women is the last option for terrorist groups. For example, in a situation of shortage of male fighters.
This condition is experienced by ISIS. In Iraq and Syria, ISIS suffered a lot of losses. Not only the number of fighters who died but also in effect. This has prompted the ISIS elite to call for more women's involvement in their various missions.
In Indonesia, the imprisonment of terrorists - including those of the ISIS group - encourages leaders of local terrorist groups to do the same. Women are involved more actively. They believe that women are assets that ensure the success rate of their actions because they are less likely to be suspected and not detected as terrorists.
In 2010, a researcher who co-authored this article encountered a female terrorist. She said her name was Umm Mujahid, aka the mother of the male fighters. Umm Mujahid, on that occasion said:
I want my calling to become prayer. I hope my son will become a mujahid in the future, so that he can take me to the heaven of the Creator.
This fact reinforces concerns that terrorist networks have built themselves in a highly structured manner. The regeneration of seeds of terror really takes place in the smallest social sphere: the family.
* Read other information about TERRORISM or read other interesting articles from Detha Arya Tifada, Indra Hendriana, Rizky Adytia Pramana and Yudhistira Mahabharata.
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