The Center For The Majapahit Kingdom In Trowulan Becomes A Big Question, A Historical Error?

Trowulan District (trowulan.mojokertokab.go.id)

YOGYAKARTA The mystery of the glory of the Majapahit Kingdom has not been fully uncovered. In various historical studies, several traces of the kingdom have indeed been found, one of which is Trowulan. So far, Trowulan has been the only site closely related to the capital city of the Majapahit Kingdom. Even so, the allegation that the center of the Majapahit Kingdom in Torowulan still leaves many big questions. Then what and what exactly is Trowulan?

In a book entitled Majapahit's Preservation of Economic Politics in the Trowulan area, Sugih Biantoro and Endang Turmudi (LIPI Press:2012) explained that Trowulan is the name of a sub-district. Administratively, the location of Trowulan is in Mojokerto Regency, East Java.

The Trowulan site is closely related to the Majapahit period. Many relics were found in the area scattered in several villages. For example, in Trowulan Village, several relics such as Pond Segaran, Menak Jinggo Temple, Putri Campa Tomb, Long Grave, Nginguk Settlement, and Stage Grave.

Research on the Trowulan site has been carried out since the 19th century AD. Around 1811 -1816 Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, a British Governor-General on duty in Java, received reports of discovery of candies and historical ruins in teak forest areas.

On the report Raffles ordered Captain Johannes Willem Badminton, a military surveyor was ordered to investigate the archaeological residence in Mojokerto in 1815.

In the report that was later compiled,angkalar managed to compile an image of the building as well as a description. Unfortunately, the report was never published. Until 1817, Raffles compiled a book entitled "History of Java I". In his book Raffles said that Trowulan came from two words, namely Tran Wulan, which means Terang Bulan.

Dari penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Raffles dan Wardenaar, pada tahun 1920-an Trowulan berubah menjadi kawasan penelitian bagi penggelagu Belanda. Sejak saat itu berbagai penemuan besar berhasil Majapahit berhasil ditemukan.

In an academic work entitled Trowulan Sebagai Historic City: Membuknstruksi Citra Melalui Pengelolaan Informasi oleh Sugeng Riyanto (Berkala Arkeologi:2004) dikatakan bahwa kegiatan penelitian dan pendokutasikan di Trowulan terus dilakukan.

Until 1993, these various activities generally led to the conclusion that Trowulan was a former palace as well as an important city for the Majapahit Kingdom.

Although Trowulan was widely agreed as an archaeological relic of the Majapahit Kingdom, there are still many findings and questions that have raised doubts about Trowulan's claim as part of Majapahit.

Findings found in Trowulan are considered less supportive of claims in connection with Majapahit. There are also those who argue that the Trowulan site tends to function as a religious center and a trade center, not as the center of the Majapahit government as it is today believed.

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