What is Thyroid Disorder: Types, Causes, Risk Factors, and Symptoms Associated with it

YOGYAKARTA - What is thyroid disorder? Thyroid disorder is a medical term for various conditions that affect the function of the thyroid gland. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are the two main types of thyroid disease. However, each has a different cause. Thyroid disorders can be treated, generally through the use of drugs.

To find out what thyroid disease is, see the explanation in the article below.

Know What is Thyroid Disorder

Quoted from the Cleveland Clinic website, thyroid disorders are conditions where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism) or too little (hypothyroidism). This condition can interfere with metabolism, energy use, heart rate, mood, and weight.

To note, the thyroid gland is a small butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of the neck, just under the skin.

This gland is part of the endocrine system and functions to regulate various important processes in the body through the production and release of thyroid hormones, such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).

The main function of the thyroid gland is to control the rate of the body's metabolism, which is the process of converting the food consumed into energy. All cells in the body need energy to carry out their functions. If the thyroid gland does not work optimally, this condition can have an impact on the overall health of the body.

Types of Thyroid Disorders

As explained above, thyroid disease occurs when the thyroid gland produces too much or too little thyroid hormone. Here are the types of thyroid disorders that are often found:

Hypothyroidism: Hypothyroidism is a condition when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroxine hormone. Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism is a disorder of the thyroid gland characterized by excessive production of thyroid hormones. Goiter: Goiter occurs due to enlargement of the thyroid gland which appears as a lump in the neck area. Thyroid nodules: Thyroid nodules are lumps that form in the thyroid gland, can be solid or fluid-filled tissue. These nodules can be benign, cysts, or tumors. Thyroid cancer: Thyroid cancer is a condition when malignant cells grow in the thyroid gland tissue.Causes of Thyroid Disorders

The causes of thyroid disease vary, depending on the type of disease. Even so, there are several conditions that can cause thyroid disorders:

Iodine intake deficiency Inflammation of the thyroid gland (thyroiditis) Genetic or hereditary factors Hormonal changes after childbirth Autoimmune diseases Disorders of the pituitary or pituitary gland Risk Factors for Thyroid Disorders

Thyroid disorders can be experienced by anyone. However, the risk will increase in individuals with the following conditions:

Female gender Over 60 years old Have family members with a history of thyroid disease Suffer from chronic diseases such as diabetes or autoimmune disorders Have undergone radioactive iodine therapy Have a history of thyroid surgery Have undergone radiotherapy in the chest area Thyroid Disorders Symptoms

The most easily recognizable symptom of thyroid disorders is the presence of a lump in the neck. In addition, the symptoms felt also depend on the type of hormonal disorder that occurs, whether hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism.

In hyperthyroidism, symptoms that can appear can be:

Hands tremble Weight loss Excessive sweating Difficulty sleeping Feeling anxious, nervous, and irritable Heart rate feels fast or pounding

Meanwhile, in the case of hypothyroidism, the salary is:

Easily sleepy and tired Memory decreases It is easy to feel cold Skin and hair become dry Hair is easily lost Voice sounds hoarse Swelling in some parts of the body Menstrual disorders, such as more menstrual blood or irregular cycles in women

That's the explanation of what thyroid disorders are. Get updates on other featured news by visiting the VOI.id page.

Tag: kesehatan gejala penyakit penyakit