元FPIムラン:アブ・バカール・バアシルに触発され、テロ容疑で逮捕された人権戦闘員

JAKARTA - Former General Secretary of the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI), Munarman, was arrested by Densus 88 at the National Police Headquarters. Munarman was arrested on suspicion of involvement in terrorism. Who is Munarman and what are his records like?

Munarman was arrested at the Modern Hills housing complex, Cinangka-Pamulang, South Tangerang. The police also conducted a search at the former FPI headquarters on Jalan Petamburan 3, South Jakarta.

The involvement of Munarman's name in the terrorism movement has been around for a long time. Previously, the suspected terrorist who was arrested in Makassar, Ahmad Aulia, said that he had betrayed ISIS leader Abu Bakr Al Baghdadi in the presence of Munarman.

The pledge was made during the FPI's declaration of support for Daulatul Islam, January 2015. Ahmad Aulia's confession about Baiat, ISIS, FPI and Munarman went viral on social media some time ago.

Apart from Munarman as the FPI Central committee, a number of names were also mentioned. They are Ustaz Fauzan and Ustaz Basri. Both of them lead the allegiance. After the pledge, Ahmad Aulia admitted that he routinely participated in the taklim at the FPI Makassar headquarters.

"As for I was detained or arrested at the South Sulawesi Regional Police because I was linked to Dauratul Islam. The one who led Daratul Islam was Abu Bakar during the FPI's declaration of support for Dauratul Islam in January 2015," Ahmad Aulia.

Compiled from various sources, Munarman was born in Palembang, South Sumatra, September 16, 1968. Munarman is the sixth of eleven children. Munarman's father is a retired People's School teacher named H. Hamid. His mother, Nurjanah.

In 1996, Munarman married Ana Noviana. Both of them settled in Palembang. From his marriage to Ana Noviana, Munarman is blessed with three children.

Munarman completed his law study discipline at Sriwijaya University, Palembang. Munarman's name was widely known when he joined the Indonesian Legal Aid Foundation (YLBHI) in Palembang in 1995.

At that time Munarman joined as a volunteer, before being promoted to Head of Operations of YLBHI Palembang in 1997. From there Munarman moved to become Coordinator of Kontras Aceh for the period 1999-2000. Munarman lived in Aceh during that period.

Munarman's advocate career continued until he became the coordinator of the Kontras Workers' Agency. Munarman also moved to the capital city of Jakarta. In September 2002, Munarman was elected as Chairman of YLBHI.

YLBHI at that time experienced a leadership vacuum for nine months. The previous chairman, Bambang Widjojanto, was dismissed by the YLBHI supervisory board because of his proposal to reform the foundation into an association that was more pro-membership. Munarman was elected with a vote ratio of 17/23.

He defeated another candidate, Daniel Panjaitan, who was then Deputy Director of YLBHI Jakarta. Munarman's candidacy was pushed by the Palembang, Banda Aceh and Lampung branch of the LBH. Meanwhile, Daniel was encouraged by LBH Semarang and Jakarta. In October 2002, Munarman was sworn in on the promise of "unifying the members of the foundation."

From his positions in various NGOs, Munarman's name was built as a civil rights activist. Munarman's figure is also known as anti-militarism. It is far from violent, until a point in time when FPI attacked the National Alliance for Freedom of Religion and Belief (AKKBB). This incident is known as the "Monas incident."

At that time Munarman served as Commander of the Laskar Islam Command. Munarman was even proven to be in the midst of groups beating and intimidating the AKKBB crowd. The existence of Munarman is a big question for many parties.

Munarman, who was previously egalitarian and nationalist, how could he possibly commit such acts of intolerance? Reported by Kompas.com, Monday, February 8, a friend of Munarman, Unggul expressed his views regarding Munarman and the change in attitude. According to him, nothing has changed from Munarman except for the image of the media which is increasingly cornering.

"If anything changes, it will only be the image of the media, which is not consciously driven by certain interests," said Unggul.

Besides Unggul, Munarman's friend who is also one of the lawyers for the Muslim Defenders Team (TPM), Mahendradatta explained that Munarman is the type of person who firmly defends his beliefs. In the context of himself as Commander of the Laskar Islam Command, Munarman is said to "defend Islam by sticking to the Al-Quran and Hadith," Mahendradatta.

Mahendradatta also rejected the view that Munarman had metamorphosis. Mahendradatta strengthened Unggul's talk. According to him, the view of Munarman's change was only made by the opinion of secular circles. "He also did not make his own interpretation, but it was based on the number of scholars (agreements), such as the MUI fatwa," he added.

"It is as if there is a dichotomy between Islam and human rights. He is still a human rights defender in the corridor of Islam," he stressed.

In the aftermath of the Monas incident, in October 2008 Munarman was sentenced to 1.5 years in prison. He was proven to be involved in the riots in June 2008. According to judge Munarman, he was guilty of criminal acts of violence against people and property, as regulated in Article 170 Paragraph 1 of the Criminal Code.

After leaving prison, Munarman was not flexible. His stern attitude was shown again when he became a guest speaker in the program Apa Kabar Indonesia Pagi on the Friday edition of TV One, June 28, 2013. At that time, Munarman shared a narrative with University of Indonesia sociologist Tamrin Tomagola about FPI's attitude which often sweeps nightclubs and locations. liquor circulation.

At that time Munarman had occupied the position of spokesman for the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI). In the middle of the conversation, Munarman was furious, and he splashed Tamrin's face. The incident took place in the middle of a live program.

"There is already a local regulation on night entertainment. The rules are clear. Some are not allowed to open at all, some are limited to three hours. So just enforce it. Don't be provoked," said Munarman, interviewed by Viva.co.id.

"This is not a question of opinion. I am talking about being shouted at and told to be silent," Munarman continued, stressing that he was not afraid of being prosecuted because of the watering. Since then, Munarman's name has become more widely known, but in an increasingly different image when he held positions in NGOs in the human rights sector.

There is an interesting statement made by Munarman regarding his changing image. This was conveyed by Munarman in an interview with Refly Harun. Munarman explained that at the beginning he moved to Muslim forums, one of which was being attracted to the values and attitudes of Islamic teachers, including Ustaz Abu Bakar Ba'asyir.

"I am a person who is always looking for confirmations. I always try to close the gap between norms, between theory and practice, between speech and action. "The New Order language implements Pancasila purely," he said, quoted Monday, February 8.

In the context of ideology, he sees too many discrepancies - in social literacy and ideological literacy - between one opinion and another in the secular realm. Everyone moves too freely, said Munarman. Normatively, Munarman views the Islamic world as providing a lot of confirmation.

"At that time LBH defended Ustaz Abu Bakar Ba'asyir, there I saw a lot of suitability in his attitudes and statements. What he said and what he did was a little different. The consequences like that were what I did when I made the leap (hijrah), "he said.

Abu Bakar Ba'asyir is the leader of the Indonesian Mujahidin Council. At that time, the LBH chaired by Munarman took a position defending Ba'asyir in the Bali Bombing case. In Munarman's eyes, Ba'asyir was able to show calm and anti-complaining attitude during the legal process, even though he was processed in a sick condition.

"Those are the attitudes of Abu Bakar Ba'asyir that are very interesting and inspiring. As a lawyer, I see that there are many legal problems with many complaints. It's not complaining. Regardless of his agenda, he is consistent with his attitude. I like being consistent, from thinking to actions, ”said Munarman.

In the interview, Munarman also explained how he joined FPI. The relationship between Munarman and FPI began when a combination of Islamic mass organizations guarded the rejection of the price hike of fuel oil (BBM).

Munarman had also been prosecuted with FPI Grand Imam Habib Rizieq Shihab. "I, as the person in charge of the class, must be responsible for the clash. I was tried, incidentally, together with Habib Rizieq, was processed, sentenced to one year and six months."

Inside the confinement, Munarman's cell was next to Rizieq's cell. Nine months, until he was transferred to an open prison. According to Munarman, he learned many aspects of religious knowledge from Rizieq, ranging from prayer procedures to thoughts and different schools of thought.

Rizieq's ideology also inspired Munarman. He called Rizieq a nationalist figure. "From the HRS speech about moral revolution in the perspective of Pancasila. His middle mind is there, he's not extreme. Ideologically, he is actually not extreme, he is azwaja, indeed in the middle from a social science perspective, "said Munarman.

Out of prison in 2009, Munarman communicated more intensively with Rizieq. Munarman was also offered to actively join FPI. "Since 2009, finally I was the head of the field. First the Head of Nahi-Munkar 2009-2013, "Munarman.

"After that, because there were quite a lot of references to me, I became Chairman of the Expert Council, became a board of experts until 2015, and continued as Chair of the Organizational Division to organize FPI to make it structurally more agile. After that, I was asked to become the general secretary," he explained.

* Read other information about TERRORISM or read other interesting articles from Wem Fernandez and Yudhistira Mahabharata.