Langka Blood Groups In The World, Gold Blood And Negative Rh

Illustration of rare blood type (Freepik/Rawpixel)

YOGYAKARTA - There are categories of rare blood types that are not found in the body of many people. The percentage of owners of rare blood types is quite small in the world. In general, there are two types of rare blood, namely gold blood and negative rhesus.

General blood groups or the most common blood groups found were class A, B, AB, or O. In fact, there are actually 33 blood type systems. However, the blood types used widely are only ABO and positive RH systems and negative RHs.

Owners of gold and Rhesus blood are negative, not as many as the four common blood types above. Gold blood groups are the rarest in the world. Owners of this type of blood are even less than 50 people. So what is the explanation of the two blood types like?

Rare blood groups are also called unique blood types. The population of rare blood owners is small. Why can people have rare blood types and what is the difference with general blood types?

Based on research, the rarest blood type in the world is the golden blood type. The golden blood group is also referred to as Rh null blood. This type of blood does not have Rh (protein) antigen in red blood cells.

The common blood group ABO is distinguished in positive Rh and negative Rh. Owners of negative Rh blood type only lack RhD antigens. While the golden blood type does not have all the Rh antigens.

The golden blood group was first discovered in Aboriginal people in Australia. There are only less than 50 people who have gold blood within 50 years. That's why this blood type is called the rarest in the world.

Gold blood is called a special blood type because of its scarcity. However, the owner of this blood has a negative side. Due to its rare population, this blood type is very difficult to find. So it is very difficult to find donations or blood donors of this type.

Owners of this type of blood can only receive transfusions from the same blood type. To maintain the availability and need for blood, owners of this type of blood always associate with the owner of the same blood.

According to a study, gold blood types are formed due to genetic mutations or spontaneous changes in genes. This condition usually occurs with mutations in the RHAG gene that encode glycoprotein related to RH.

There are several factors that cause a person to have a golden blood type. People can risk having this type of blood because of inbreeding. The next cause is because there are autosomal genes (gen abnormals that are genetically passed down). Another factor is due to changes or complete elimination of certain genes, namely RHD and RHCE or RHAG.

Apart from gold blood, Rhesus blood types are also a rare type of blood in the world. A study shows that Rh blood owners are negative in America is only around 7 percent.

Rh's blood group is negative side by side with Rh positive. Rhesus or Rh is an antigen or protein found in red blood cells. If blood cells contain Rh, the blood class is Rh positive. Meanwhile, Rhesus is negative, it does not have Rh or there is only a deposit.

Rhesus is negative is rarer than Rhesus is positive. Unlike Rh being positive, Rh being negative can only accept certain types of blood, as follows:

The blood group O Rh is negative similar to the golden blood type. Negative Rh can be called universal red blood cells because it does not have antigens and Rh factors.

That's a rare blood type in the world. Gold blood group is difficult to find because the population is very small. In addition, people who have gold blood are healthy who are more susceptible to certain diseases.

Stay up to date with the latest domestic and foreign news on VOI. You present the latest and most recent nationally and internationally.