YOGYAKARTA One of the abundant natural resources (SDA) in Indonesia is petroleum. The results of petroleum processing are often used for household and industrial needs.
Please note, petroleum is crude oil in the form of a black thick liquid. Crude oil needs to be processed so that it can be used by humans.
So, What are the Products of Petroleum Oil that are widely used in Indonesia?
Compiled by VOI from various sources, Monday, September 5, 2022, here are some preparations for petroleum which are widely used for household and industrial needs in the country.
1. Liquid Petroleum Gas
Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG or Elpiji) is one of the processed products of petroleum used as household fuel.
This liquid oil gas is dominated by processed gas (C3H8) and a median (c4H10) which is compressed so that it turns into liquid and is placed in a high-pressure metal tube. In addition, LPG also contains a small amount of other hydrocarbons such as etana C2H6 and pentane (C5h12).
2. Gasoline
Gasoline is a processed oil used as a fuel for motorized vehicles. The gasoline is made from straight hydrocarbon chains, ranging from C5 to C11. Gasoline aka Fuel Oil (BBM) can be used for two, three or four-wheeled vehicles.
3. Nafta
Some people may be less familiar with Nafta. The processed products of this crude oil are widely used as raw material for plastic, soluble, rubber and other petrochemical industries.
Nafta itself is a raw material, so it must be processed in the second stage. In addition to being the raw material for the petrochemical industry, nafta is also used as raw material for the production of gasoline components that have high octane values such as Pertamax.
4. Solar
Solar is fuel oil for diesel-engine vehicles. Solar is a mixture of alkane with a C15H32-C16H34 chain.
Examples of vehicles that use diesel fuel are buses, trucks, diesel trains, and tractors.
Besides being used as fuel oil, diesel can also be fuel for industrial engines.
5. Kerosine or Soil
Kerosine is included in one of the processed products of crude oil which is widely used in human life.
In the past, kerosin was used as an oil stove and oil lamp before the gas stove and light bulbs were used like now.
The Kerrosene is obtained by fractional distlining of petroleum at 150 derajar Celsius and 275o C.
6. Lubricant or Pelumas
Lubricant (pelumas) is a liquid given between him moving objects to reduce swiping.
The lubricant serves as a protective layer that separates the two associated surfaces. In other words, lubricants can also be used to protect engines from carats.
An example of lubricant is the engine oil used in the internal combustion engine.
7. Aspal or Bitumen
The results of processed oils that are also widely used in Indonesia are asphalt or bitumen. Aspal is an inherent hydrocarbon, black color that has glowing glow or resin. Asphalt is resistant to water and has a strong and elastic nature (viscoelastic).
Technically, asphalt includes residues from the process of disstimation that does not evaporate. The processed products of this earth serve as a bahar covering the road and, aggregate binding material.
8. Lipstick or Gincu
Lipstick or lipstick is also included in the processed oil products. The reason is, this lip coloring contains parafin and petroleum.
9. Parafin
Parafi is the result of processed petroleum used in wax production. In its original form, paraffin wax is waxy, odorless, odorless and solid white, flammable.
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