YOGYAKARTA - Currently, the world economy mainly relies on gasoline as a source of energy and raw materials for chemical products. Global economic growth in the past century has led to high energy consumption, especially from fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Then what is the difference between biogas and bioethenol?
The extensive use of fossil fuels formed and stored underground for millions of years has made it impossible for Earth's current vegetation to process carbon dioxide emitted through photosynthesis, which causes strong carbon dioxide emissions and greenhouse effects with the consequences of climate change. One way to tackle this global problem is to close carbon cycles in nature by using renewable biofuels that allow recycling biological sources with energy production and carbon consumption generated through photosynthesis.
Some of these biofuels are biogas (mixed methane and carbon dioxide) produced from organic waste; ethanol, generated from carbohydrate fermentation; and biodiesel, is produced by lipid transferred.
Another feature of this approach is the utilization of organic waste as energy, thus producing many benefits for the environment: waste treatment by energy production, natural carbon cycle closure, and fossil fuel savings. Biofuels with their raw materials also serve as raw materials for new chemical technologies that are now produced from gasoline, natural gas, and coal.
Biogas
The anaerobic absorption of organic waste is a well-spreaded process in nature. A large amount of natural gas collected underground was formed by this process for millions of years. The result is gas, containing about 95% methane with multiple contaminations. Currently, this process is used for processing agricultural waste that produces biogas with a satisfactory heating capacity. Biogas is a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide with some hydrogen sulfide contamination, brandaptane, etana, etc. methane content varies from 55 to 90% volume depending on the nature and content of the substrate, digestive method, etc. Gas containing less than 50% methane is not flammable.
Biogas is widely distributed in countries with developed agriculture (such as India, China, Brazil, etc.), Becoming a cheap and environmentally friendly choice for simultaneous solutions to waste treatment problems and energy demand. Anaerobics are also a convenient technology for the utilization of active mud and waste treatment in the food industry, pulp and paper industries, in the treatment of household waste, etc.
Bioethenol
Etanol or Bioethenol is a renewable energy source produced through sugar fermentation. Ethanol has been widely used as a substitute for part of gasoline around the world. Ethanol fuel produced from corn has been used in gashol or oxygened fuel since the 1980s. This gasoline fuel contains up to 10% ethanol by volume. As a result, the US transport sector now consumes about 4.540 million liters of ethanol each year, about 1% of the total gasoline consumption. Recently, US automakers have announced plans to produce a large number of flexible fuel vehicles that can use Ethanol mixtures with 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline by volume self-assembled' or combined with gasoline. Using a mixture of ethanol fuel for cars can significantly reduce the use of petroleum and greenhouse gas emissions.
Etanol is also a safer alternative than methyl tertiary butil ether (MTBE), the most commonly used additional gasoline material to produce cleaner combustion.
However, the cost of ethanol as a relatively high energy source is compared to fossil fuels. A dramatic increase in ethanol production by using current corn starch-based technology (or otherGAins) may not be practical for small countries as corn production for ethanols will compete for the limited agricultural land needed for food and feed production. An additional weakness is the increasing price ofangles widely used as substrates for ethanol production through fermentation due to increasing demand and thus placing third-world countries in unfavorable positions.
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