: Complete Basic Immunization: Types and Schedule

: Illustration - a child is vaccinated (photo: Freepik)

: YOGYAKARTA - Complete basic immunization (IDL) is a series of mandatory immunizations given to infants from the age of 0 months to 11 months to build immunity against dangerous diseases. With immunization, the child's body will be stronger against infections, as well as supporting the optimal growth and development of the little one.

: IDL is mandatory to be given according to the schedule that has been determined by the Indonesian Ministry of Health and the Indonesian Association of Pediatricians. To better understand it, see the types of basic immunizations for children complete with the schedule for giving them in the following article.

: Complete Basic Immunization Type I

Compiled from various sources, there are several types of vaccines (weakened germs to trigger the immune system) that are included in the complete basic immunization program, including:

Polio Immunization

Polio immunization is an injection of a vaccine that is carried out to prevent polio. This disease can cause various symptoms, with the most serious complication being paralysis. The administration of polio vaccines is generally carried out since childhood as an early protection effort against the disease, quoted from the My Cleveland Clinic page.

Hepatitis B vaccination (HB0)

Hepatitis B immunization is the administration of a vaccine to prevent infection with the Hepatitis B virus that attacks the liver. This virus can be transmitted from mother to newborn baby and cause serious diseases such as cirrhosis or liver cancer.

BCG vaccination

BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) immunization is a vaccine given to protect the body from tuberculosis (TB) disease, especially severe types of TB such as TB meningitis and TB milier that are prone to attacking children. This vaccine is made from a weakened Mycobacterium bovis bacterium, so it works to stimulate and train the immune system to be able to fight TB infections.

HiB immunization

: This HiB immunization is given to protect children from Haemophilus influenzae type b infection which can cause serious diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis, epiglotitis, and blood infection (sepsis), especially in infants and toddlers whose immune systems have not developed optimally.

DPT Immunization

This complete basic immunization type protects the body from three dangerous diseases at once, namely diphtheria which can interfere with breathing, pertussis or whooping cough which can cause prolonged severe coughing, and tetanus which attacks the nervous system and is at risk of causing convulsions to death.

MMR Immunization

MMR immunization is a vaccination to prevent transmission of mumps, measles, and rubella diseases that can cause serious complications such as encephalitis, hearing loss, and congenital defects in the fetus if rubella attacks pregnant women.

Rotavirus Immunization

: This immunization is given to prevent rotavirus infection, which is the main cause of severe diarrhea in infants and children, which can trigger severe dehydration, digestive disorders, and increase the risk of hospitalization if not treated quickly.

PCV vaccination

: PCV immunization is the injection of a pneumococcal vaccine to protect the body from Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterial infections that can cause pneumonia, meningitis, middle ear infections, and dangerous bloodstream infections, especially in children and the elderly.

Complete Basic Immunization Schedule 2

After knowing the types, the following is the schedule for the full basic immunization based on the recommendations of the Ministry of Health and IDAI:

0–6 Months

Hepatitis B immunization: Given four times, namely 24 hours after the baby is born, then at the ages of 2, 3, and 4 months, and a booster dose at 18 months. DPT immunization: Given three times at the ages of 2, 3, and 4 months, with re-immunization at 18 months and 5–7 years. BCG immunization: Given once at 0–1 months. HiB immunization: Given three times at the ages of 2, 3, and 4 months, then a booster at 18 months. Polio immunization: Oral vaccine is given from birth to 1 month of age and repeated at 2, 3, and 4 months, while injectable polio is given at least twice before the age of 1 year. PCV immunization: Given three doses at the ages of 2, 4, and 6 months, with a booster at 12–15 months. Rotavirus immunization: Monovalent vaccine is given two doses starting at 6 weeks with a 4-week interval, while pentavalent vaccine is given three doses at 6–12 weeks with an interval of 4–10 weeks.

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: Several types of immunizations that need to be given to children aged 6-12 months, namely:

: Influenza vaccination: It is given starting at 6 months of age and repeated every year until the age of 18. Japanese Encephalitis (JE) vaccination: It is given once at 9 months of age, with a booster at 2–3 years of age. MMR vaccination: It is given once at 9 months of age, with a booster at 18 months or 5–7 years of age.

12–24 months

: In children aged 2-24 months, the types of vaccines that can be given are:

Hepatitis A vaccination: Two doses are given, starting at 12 months of age with an interval of 6–12 months. Varicella vaccination: Two doses are given at 12–18 months of age with an interval of 6 weeks to 3 months.

: Age 2–18 Years

: Meanwhile, for children aged 2-18 years, the recommended type of immunization is:

: Typhoid vaccination: Given once at age 2 years and repeated every 3 years. Dengue vaccination: Given two doses in children aged 6–16 years with an interval of 3 months between doses. HPV vaccination: Given two doses in girls aged 9–14 years with an interval of 6–15 months.

"So that's the information about the complete basic immunization. Get other news updates only at VOI.id.