The G20 Summit has produced a Declaration of G20 Bali Leaders which contains 52 points of agreement. The whole is about commitment to cooperation and collaboration. Each member state bears the responsibility of restoring the global economy, overcoming challenges, and laying the foundation of strong, sustainable, balanced, and inclusive growth.
The G20 must take concrete, precise, fast, and necessary action. Thus, the benefits are felt not only by members, but also by the world community, especially developing countries whose conditions are very vulnerable to the current crisis.
"Let's recover together, recover stronger," said President Joko Widodo (Jokowi) in a closing speech at the G20 Bali Summit at the Apurva Kempinski Hotel on November 16, 2022.
Supporting that, G20 members are ready to develop policies that are directed and well planned by taking into account the conditions of their respective countries.
As in terms of food security. All members of the G20 are committed to taking urgent action to save lives, prevent hunger and malnutrition, in particular to address the vulnerability of developing countries. As well, calling for accelerated transformation to agricultural systems and sustainable and resilient supply and agricultural chains.
"We will take further coordinated action to address food security challenges including rising prices and global food and fertilizer shortages," read the 6th point of the Bali G20 Leader Declaration.
In addition, all members also reiterated the results of the previous G20 Matera Declaration to cooperate in producing and distributing food in a sustainable manner. Ensuring the food system contributes better, is able to adapt and mitigate climate change.
We will also apply the One Health approach, intensify research on food science and technology, and increase the capacity of stakeholders along the food supply chain, particularly women, youth, small farmers and marginal farmers, as well as fishermen, "continued the sound of point 6.
All members are also committed to overcoming food insecurity by ensuring accessibility, affordability, and food sustainability and food products for those in need, especially in developing countries and underdeveloped countries.
"We reaffirm our support for rule-based agricultural trade that is open, transparent, inclusive, predictable, and non-discriminatory based on WTO rules," reads point 7.
Likewise for the energy crisis. G20 members underline the urgency of changing and diversifying energy systems quickly, advancing energy security and resilience, as well as market stability. Of course, ensuring a clean, sustainable, fair, affordable, and inclusive energy transition as well as a sustainable investment stream.
We emphasize the importance of global energy demand being adapted to affordable energy supplies. Reasserting our commitment to achieving net zero emissions of global greenhouse gas/carbon neutrality at or around the middle of a century, while considering the latest scientific developments and different national circumstances," reads the 11th point of the Bali G20 Leader Declaration.
This includes accelerating efforts to gradually stop coal power plants in line with national conditions without neglecting the need for support towards a just transition.
"We will increase our efforts to implement the commitments made in 2009 in Pittsburgh to remove and rationalize, in the medium term, inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption", is still at 11.
All members of the G20 urged all parties to adopt the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) to realize the 2050 Long live in line with Nature. MITize the loss of biodiversity, deforestation, management, land degradation and drought, and restore degraded land to achieve land degradation neutrality by 2030. Also, support the G20's ambition to reduce land degradation by up to 50 percent by 2040 on a voluntary basis.
"We recognize the efforts made by a number of countries to ensure that at least 30 percent of land and oceans are conserved or protected by 2030. We will help make progress towards this goal in accordance with national circumstances," reads Article 14 of the Declaration of the G20 Leaders Bali.
Also, committed to reducing environmental impacts by changing unsustainable consumption and production patterns and improving environmentally friendly waste management, including by preventing traffic from illegal cross-border waste.
Also, committed to stopping and reversing the loss of biodiversity through nature-based solutions and ecosystem-based approaches.
President Jokowi acknowledged that uniting the attitude and thoughts of G20 members of the war in Ukraine caused sharp debates.
"Discussions on this matter were very, very tough and finally the G20 leaders agreed on the contents of the declaration, namely the condemnation of the war in Ukraine because it had violated territorial borders, violating regional integrity," said Jokowi.
Most members strongly condemn war in Ukraine and emphasize it causes extraordinary human suffering and exacerbates vulnerability in the global economy. Obstacles on growth, increases inflation, disrupts supply chains, increases energy and food insecurity, and increases the risk of financial stability.
There are other views and different assessments of the situation and sanctions. Realizing that the G20 is not a forum to solve security concerns, we recognize that security concerns can have significant consequences for the global economy, "wrote in point 3 of the Bali G20 Leader Declaration.
One thing is certain, all members of the G20 agreed on the importance of enforcing international law and a multilateral system that maintains peace and stability.
The use or threat of nuclear weapons is unacceptable. Peaceful resolving of conflicts, efforts to overcome crises, as well as diplomacy and dialogue, is very important. Today's era should not be war," point 4 reaffirmed the attitude of G20 members.
As the G20 presidency, Indonesia has pursued the best solutions during one year of leadership to overcome various challenges that not only hinder, but also have great potential to threaten the world towards an increasingly deep crisis.
President Jokowi is grateful for the presence of the delegates of the G20 Bali Summit. expressing the highest appreciation to all present, who have provided their flexibility so that the declaration can be agreed upon and ratified.
"I also want to express my highest appreciation to the entire working group and the management group for their dedication, donations, thoughts and contributions to Indonesia's G20 presidency," Jokowi emphasized.
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