Ausubel's Learning Theory: Advantages and Implementation
YOGYAKARTA - The Ausubel learning theory was proposed by an educational psychologist, namely David Ausubel. In his theory, David Ausubel emphasizes the acceptance of new knowledge that can be associated with knowledge previously possessed by someone. This theory is also known as the meaningful learning theory (meaningful).
Knowing Ausubel's Learning TheoryExplained in a scientific work entitled Implementation of David Ausubel's Meaningful Learning Theory in Mathematics Education Learning, David Ausubel states that there are four types of learning that are commonly done. The four types of learning recognized by David Ausubel are as follows.
Learning by receiving (reception learning)Learning by discovering (discovery learning)Learning by memorizing (rote learning)Meaningful learning.Of the four methods, Ausubel judged that the meaningful learning method was the most effective.
Meaningful learning can be understood as learning where a person is able to connect new knowledge obtained with other knowledge that has been obtained previously. Ausubel assessed that learning must have meaning and the material being studied must be relevant to the knowledge that the students have previously possessed.
For example, arithmetic lessons can lead students to failure if they are only asked to memorize formulas. However, learning can be more meaningful if students have understood the function as well as the meaning of the formula they will memorize.
In Ausubel's Meaningful Learning, which was published in the Journal of Al-Khwarizmi, it is said that Ausubel believes that teachers should be able to develop students' cognitive potential through a meaningful learning process.
According to him, the learning activities of students, especially at the elementary level, will be more useful if they are directly involved. Unlike at a higher level, effective learning can be achieved if the teacher's explanation is delivered by the teacher using concept maps, demonstrations, diagrams, and illustrations.
The Advantages of Learning the Ausubel MethodThe learning method emphasized by Ausubel has several advantages as follows.
Information that is learned meaningfully will be remembered longer.Understanding will be easier to obtain when you get new information that has been associated with previously owned knowledge.Even though there is forgotten knowledge, the basic possession of knowledge that has been formed will make it easier for someone to understand a knowledge system that is similar to what has been studied before.Implementation of Meaningful LearningThe implementation of meaningful learning can be done with the involvement of teachers. Here are the procedures that can be carried out.
Teachers must be clear in determining what they want to achieve in the learning process.Teachers need to understand the ability and motivation of students to learn to adjust the way of teaching.The teacher chooses the material that is relevant to the characteristics of the students and organizes it in the form of main concepts.The material must be arranged in sequential topics, so that students can learn the material gradually.Students learn important core concepts, and understand them in a clear and applicable form.The teacher conducts an evaluation to measure the students' understanding of the material being studied.That's the information related to Ausubel's learning theory. Visit VOI.id for other interesting information.