Getting To Know ABRI's Dwifunction That Makes Over Power Soldiers In The New Order Period

YOGYAKARTA - The concept of ABRI's dyfunction during the New Order administration is one of the most controversial aspects in Indonesian history. Knowing ABRI's Dwifunction is not only learning history, but also the political element underlying it.

This article will explore in-depth the origins, implementations, and impacts of ABRI's duality on the development of democracy and human rights in Indonesia.

Muhammad Eriton, a lecturer on Constitutional Law, Faculty of Law, University of Jambi, explained that the concept of ABRI's dual function refers to the dual role played by the Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia, which is as a power of state defense and as a force that plays an active role in the socio-political field.

The role of ABRI in the socio-political sector is basically a manifestation of their commitment and spirit of service to participate, along with other socio-political elements, in filling the independence and sovereignty of the Indonesian nation.

The main goal of this concept is to create solid and dynamic national stability in all aspects of national and state life, thereby strengthening national resilience and achieving national goals based on Pancasila.

The existence of ABRI as a socio-political force in Indonesia is rooted in the history of the nation in seizing and defending independence.

The historical experience then shaped ABRI's view of themselves, namely as a tool of revolution and state tools, as well as a fighter called to contribute to various aspects of life and nation development.

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The involvement of the army in carrying out this socio-political function is driven by internal and external factors, including conditions in the international strategic environment.

During the Dutch Military Aggression II (1948-1949), when political leaders were arrested, ABRI's role was increasing.

Likewise in the 1957-1959 period, when civilian political leaders experienced difficulties in overcoming regional insurgency, ABRI was present to save the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia.

During the G 30 S/PKI uprising, when civilian leadership failed to protect Pancasila, ABRI again appeared as a savior. Historically and culturally, ABRI's duality is acceptable to the Indonesian people, although it needs to be adjusted to the times.

ABRI's political role has become increasingly significant after the G 30 S/PKI crackdown, which allows them to participate in determining development's national policy.

The role of ABRI is reflected in the placement of ABRI officers in various fields, such as government agencies, legislatures, and the community economy. However, this does not mean that the military will replace civilian roles.

The expansion of ABRI's role usually occurs in key positions through placement (work) at the request of related institutions, taking into account the development of national development and life.

The placement of extensive military personnel in various government agencies/agencies and the public has sparked debate, leading to demands to actualize ABRI's (social-political function) dwifunction in the future.

At the end of his writing, Eriton explained that the future realization of ABRI's dwifunction would be effective if there was a balance of interests between the military and civilians. Consensus can be achieved by avoiding the dominance of one party on the other.

However, suspicions between groups should be avoided, and wisdom must be nurtured so that internal conflicts do not develop into divisions that disrupt national resilience.

The change of regime from the New Order to the Reform Order gradually eliminates the role of the TNI (military) in the country. The TNI is expected to be a professional defense force, as is the case in developed countries, and for that, all its needs must be supported by the government and professional management.

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