Law Of Justice In Islam And Its Procedures

YOGYAKARTA - In daily life, debt is often used as a way out for someone who faces financial difficulties. Islam as a religion that regulates all aspects of life has set rules related to debt in order to remain in accordance with sharia principles. The law of debt in Islam allows a person to owe, but there are conditions and conditions that must be met in order to avoid future problems.

Every Muslim needs to understand the law of debt in Islam and its customs so that it remains in accordance with the values of justice and responsibility. Debt must be done with good intentions, accompanied by a commitment to repay loans according to the agreement. By understanding this rule, a person can avoid practices that are contrary to Islamic teachings and maintain good relations with others.

In general, the law of debt in Islam is a mubah or allowed, as long as it is done in the right way and does not contain elements of usury. In the Qur'an, Allah SWT rests on it:

"If you're in debt for a specified time, let's write it down." (QS. Al-Baqarah: 282)

This paragraph confirms that in debt, it is recommended to make a written agreement so that there are no disputes in the future. The Prophet SAW has also borrowed and paid debts with full responsibility. Therefore, debt is not something that is prohibited, but must be done with good intentions and full awareness to pay it off.

However, if someone owes without the intention of paying, then this is strongly condemned in Islam. The Prophet SAW said:

"The soul of a mukmin depends on the debt until he pays it off." (HR. Tirmidzi)

This hadith shows that unpaid debt can be a barrier to someone in the afterlife. Therefore, debt must be done with full responsibility and awareness.

Procedures For Debt In Islam

In order not to cause problems in the future, Islam teaches several procedures in debt:

1. Debt due to urgent needs

Islam does not prohibit debt, but should be done in urgent circumstances, not for excessive lifestyles.

2. Make a written agreement

In accordance with the orders in the Qur'an, the debt should be written down and witnessed by other parties so that disputes do not occur in the future.

3. Have the intention to pay

The Prophet SAW said, "Whoever takes human property with the intention of paying for it, then Allah will pay for it. However, whoever takes it with the intention of losing it, then Allah will destroy it." (HR. Bukhari)

4. Don't delay payment if you can afford it

Delaying debt payments even though they have been able to pay off, including wrongdoing in Islam. The Prophet SAW said, "Delaying debt payments by people who can afford it is a injustice." (HR. Bukhari and Muslim)

5. Don't owe us usury

Worship that contains elements of usury is strictly prohibited in Islam because it can harm one party. Allah SWTlih in the Qur'an: "God has allowed buying and selling and forbidden usury." (QS. Al-Baqarah: 275)

Negative Impact Of Debt Without Consideration

Although debt laws in Islam are allowed, debt without careful calculations can have various negative impacts, such as:

Therefore, before debt, a person must consider whether he is really able to pay and will not make it difficult for himself or for others.

In Islam, debt is allowed as long as it is done in the right and responsible way. The law of debt in Islam is a mubah, but someone who owes must have a strong intention to pay and not delay it if he is able to. In addition, debt must be recorded and avoided from the element of usury in order to remain in accordance with the Shari'a. By understanding the rules of Islam related to debt, it is hoped that every Muslim can manage finances wisely and avoid problems in the future.

Talking about debt, read too: Prayers So You Can Pay Your Death In An Unexpected Way

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